The Influence of Digital Leadership and Job Crafting on Work Engagement Job Satisfaction as a Mediator Among Millennial and Generation Z Employees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64243/JODIGBI.02.3.23Kata Kunci:
Digital Leadership, Generation Z, Job Crafting, Job Satisfaction, Work EngagementAbstrak
The engagement of millennial and Gen Z employees is among the most important issues of modern organizations. This research investigates the role of digital leadership and job crafting in work engagement, with work satisfaction as a mediating variable. The data of 106 professionals was analyzed applying PLS-SEM. The results of the statistical analysis contradict expectations, because it seems that neither digital leadership nor individual job crafting directly influence engagement. Instead, job satisfaction serves as a complete bridging mechanism for both relationships. For the younger workforce, tech-competent management and the freedom to modify tasks are perceived merely as baseline job requirements rather than actual incentives. These factors would create the early workplace satisfaction before they can generate greater professional commitment. This paper contributes to the knowledge of human resources by showing that the happiness of employees is a key condition for the transformation of digital resources into tangible commitment. In other words, the investments in technology are not profitable unless organizations focus on the well-being of internal staff.
Referensi
Aisyah, S. (2022). Pengaruh Job Crafting Terhadap Work Engagement Melalui Mindfulness Sebagai Mediator. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 3(7), 810–819. https://doi.org/10.36418/jist.v3i7.463
Annisa, N. N., Wardhani, D. P., & Amallia, F. (2022). Quality Work of Life, Job Satisfaction dan Social Support terhadap Employee Engagement Dosen Perguruan Tinggi Swasta di Surakarta. Benefit: Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 7(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.23917/benefit.v7i1.16230
Bethabara, M., Fatimah, A., & Emilisa, N. (2024). Pengaruh Digital Leadership Dan Digital Capabilities Terhadap Employee Performance Yang Dimediasi Oleh Job Satisfaction Pada PT Bank Central Asia Tbk Kanwil VIII. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.13764217
Damayanti, B. F. (2024). Job Crafting di Era Perkembangan Teknologi yang Pesat: A Systematic Literature Review.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “What” and “Why” of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Eberl, J. K., & Drews, P. (2021). Digital Leadership ‒ Mountain or Molehill? A Literature Review. In F. Ahlemann, R. Schütte, & S. Stieglitz (Eds.), Innovation Through Information Systems (pp. 223–237). Springer International Publishing.
Fairnandha, M. M. (2021). Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support, Job Demands, dan Job Satisfaction terhadap Work Engagement. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(3), 920–930. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v9n3.p920-930
Fauzi, N., & Ekhsan, M. (2024). Pengaruh Innovation Dan Job Crafting Yang Dimediasi Work Engagement Terhadap Employee Performance. Jurnal Manajerial, 11(02), 228–245. https://doi.org/10.30587/jurnalmanajerial.v11i02.7579
Frederick, D. E., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2020). Longitudinal meta-analysis of job crafting shows positive association with work engagement. Cogent Psychology, 7(1), 1746733. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2020.1746733
Ghazzawi, R., Bender, M., Jamis.He, Daouk-Öyry, L., & Van Der Heijden, B. (2023). The Validity and Functionality of Job Crafting across Cultures: A three-sample study. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/sm2zc
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Hardiyanti, S. N., & Siswadi, Y. (2023). Peran Individual Caracteristic Job Crafting dalam Meningkatkan Employe Performance Melalui Job Satisfaction Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. 9(2).
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration (IJeC), 11(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101
Lanke, P., Nath, P., Verma, S., & Singh, V. (2024). The past, present and the future of job crafting research: A retrospective review. Australian Journal of Career Development, 33(1), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/10384162241227718
Lazazzara, A., Tims, M., & De Gennaro, D. (2020). The process of reinventing a job: A meta–synthesis of qualitative job crafting research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 116, 103267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.01.001
Lechevalier, S., & Mofakhami, M. (2025). Assessing job satisfaction in the era of digital transformation: A comparative study of the first wave of tasks digitalization in Japan and France. Eurasian Business Review, 15(1), 93–129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40821-024-00282-7
Lestari, D., Woestho, C., & Kurniawan, D. (2023). PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KETERIKATAN KARYAWAN PT BUDI AGUNG SENTOSA. JURNAL ECONOMINA, 2(11), 3232–3246. https://doi.org/10.55681/economina.v2i11.968
Li, J., Wang, Y., & Han, J. (2026). A study on the relationship between digital leadership, digital self-efficacy, and work engagement: The moderating role of technostress. Frontiers in Psychology, 17, 1751207. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1751207
Matriadi, F., Ikramuddin, I., Adamy, M., & Chalirafi, C. (2021). Implementation of Digital Leaderships on Pertamina Hulu Energy in Aceh. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology, 1(2), 125–129. https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v1i2.132
Mochamad Rokib Vadya Mulyadi & Rizka Hadian Permana. (2022). Pengaruh Job Crafting Terhadap Work Engagement Pada Karyawan Bagian IT PT X. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.29313/jrp.v2i1.828
Muhammad Sidik, Sumardin, S., Sabri, S., & Rini Elfina. (2025). Transformasi Kepemimpinan di Era Digital: Dampaknya terhadap Employee Engagement di Organisasi Modern. MANABIS: Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 4(2), 182–195. https://doi.org/10.54259/manabis.v4i2.4843
Nugroho, S. H., Said, M., & Arifin, Z. (2024). The Influence of Digital Leadership on Employee Affective Well Being with the mediation of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(8). https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.4889
Özpehlivan, M., & Acar, A. Z. (2016). Development and validation of a multidimensional job satisfaction scale in different cultures. Cogent Social Sciences, 2(1), 1237003. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2016.1237003
Pangestu, A., Wolor, C. W., & Usman, O. (2024). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance and Job Crafting Terhadap Work Engagement. EKOMA : Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 3(6), 1327–1342. https://doi.org/10.56799/ekoma.v3i6.5163
Rania Rahardini, Agus Frianto: Hubungan Job Crafting Terhadap Keterikatan Kerja Melalui Kepuasan Kerja. (2020). 3.
Revan, M. A., Mary, H., & Sari, D. P. (2026). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Digital dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Employee Engagement dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Karyawan PT. Suka Fajar Cabang Solok.
Rinaldy, F., Rahmat, A., & Oemar, F. (2026). PENGARUH IKLIM KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI DAN JOB CRAFTING TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN KETERIKATAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI. (1).
Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. A., & Judge, T. (2019). Organizational Behavior. Pearson. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=_cwqtgEACAAJ
Robbins, S. P., Judge, T., Judge, T. A., & Campbell, T. T. (2017). Organizational Behaviour. FT Publishing International. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=L6LHvQEACAAJ
Salamzadeh, Y., & Gunton, L.-A. (2026). Digital Leadership. In V. Ratten (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Business Management (First Edition) (pp. 367–370). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-13701-3.00121-3
Saputra, N., Putri, A., Danaswati, S., & Putri, S. (2022). Menguji Pengaruh Digital Leadership dan Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Job Satisfaction dan Work Engagement. Journal of Business & Applied Management, 15(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.30813/jbam.v15i2.3658
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The Measurement of Work Engagement With a Short Questionnaire: A Cross-National Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471
Schouten, B. (2022). Exploring the dark side of job crafting.
Serenko, A. (2024). The human capital management perspective on quiet quitting: Recommendations for employees, managers, and national policymakers. Journal of Knowledge Management, 28(1), 27–43. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-10-2022-0792
Setyawati, S. M. (2019). PRAKTIK SDM, JOB CRAFTING DAN WORK ENGAGEMENT TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN. 7.
Silva, P., Moreira, A. C., & Mota, J. (2022). Employees’ perception of corporate social responsibility and performance: The mediating roles of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational trust. Journal of Strategy and Management, 16(1), 92–111. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-10-2021-0213
Spector, P. E. (1985). Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey. American Journal of Community Psychology, 13(6), 693–713. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00929796
Subiantoro, N. (2024). DIGITALIZATION AND TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP SUPPORTS ORGANIZATIONAL JOB SATISFACTION PUBLIC SECTOR. 2.
Sulistiana, I. N., & Darma, G. S. (2023). Digital Leadership, Work-Life Balance, Compensation, Job Satisfaction, and Employee Engagement.
Teixeira, P. M. R., & Almada Santos, F. C. (2024). Work engagement measures: A systematic literature review. Universitas Psychologica, 23, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy23.wems
Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.05.009
Tulungen, E. E. W., Saerang, D. P. E., & Maramis, J. B. (2022). TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL: PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN DIGITAL. Jurnal EMBA : Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v10i2.41399
Verelst, L., De Cooman, R., Verbruggen, M., van Laar, C., & Meeussen, L. (2021). The development and validation of an electronic job crafting intervention: Testing the links with job crafting and person-job fit. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 94(2), 338–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12351
Wesche, J. S., & Handke, L. (2025). Digital Leadership. In J. Felfe & R. van Dick (Eds.), Handbook of Leadership: Applied Business Psychology for Managers (pp. 761–775). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-70444-8_46
Westerman, G., Soule, D. L., & Eswaran, A. (2019). Building Digital-Ready Culture in Traditional Organizations.
Wijayati, S., & Pusparini, E. S. (2024). Pengaruh Flexible Working Arrangements, Supervisor Support dan Job Crafting terhadap Innovative Behavior Pekerja Sektor Ekonomi Kreatif. Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 15(1), 201–214. https://doi.org/10.33059/jseb.v15i1.7760
Wyrwa, J., & Kaźmierczyk, J. (2020). Conceptualizing Job Satisfaction and Its Determinants: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Economic Sociology, 21(5), 138–167. https://doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2020-5-138-168
Yuridha, R. (2022). PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA, STRES KERJA, DAN JOB CRAFTING TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN. SIBATIK JOURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan, 1(9), 1781–1792. https://doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v1i9.235
Zeike, S., Bradbury, K., Lindert, L., & Pfaff, H. (2019). Digital Leadership Skills and Associations with Psychological Well-Being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 2628. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142628
Zhu, J., Zhang, B., Xie, M., & Cao, Q. (2022). Digital Leadership and Employee Creativity: The Role of Employee Job Crafting and Person-Organization Fit. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 827057. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.827057
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Muhammad Amien Rais Rofik
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
